TRAINING METHODS
Training is part of Human Resource Development which involves developing a particular skill by instructions and practices for the effective performance of the task assigned.
Basically, there are two training methods:
- On Job Training
- Off Job Training
On Job Training - These are the training methods that are applied in the workplace wherein the employee is actually working. There are various On Job training methods which are: Job Rotation, Coaching, Apprenticeship Training and Internship.
1) Job Rotation -
In Job Rotation the employee is moved from one job to another in the same workplace. Here the employee will get the job knowledge and will gain experience from his/her supervisor or from the trainer. Here the training is provided on different job assignments. This method will help in understanding the challenges of other employees in their job and respect them.
2) Coaching -
In Coaching, the employee who is getting trained is placed under a particular supervisor who will coach the employee to perform certain tasks. Here in this method, the supervisor will give timely feedback to the trainee on his performance and suggestions for his improvement. Here in this method, the trainee will have certain limitations to express his ideas.
3) Apprenticeship Training -
This type of training involves acquiring knowledge and learning the skills for a long period of time. The employee here will gain complete proficiency in the job which he is performing. Here the employee will learn step by step how to perform the job and helps the employee to perform the job on his own. At the end of the training period, the trainer or manager will provide feedback to the Apprentice and corrects the employee to perform the job better.
4) Internship -
In this type of training, educational institutions and business organizations have a joint program of training the employees or interns.
The selected candidates carry on regular studies for the set period of time. Here the employee may in some factory or in a particular office to acquire the practical knowledge and skills to perform the job. This type of training will help in balancing the theoretical aspects and practical knowledge.
Off Job Training - This is the training process in which the employee receives training outside the day-to-day workplace. It is the training process held outside the actual work environment. This type of training is separated from the job situation and it is entirely focused on learning, which will help in improved job performance. The different types of Off Job training process are Vestibule Training, Role Plays, Case Studies and Discussions, and Classroom training.
1) Vestibule Training:
In this type of training method, the actual workplace conditions are stimulated or set up in a particular place. Here the conditions created and equipment used are similar to the actual work place. This will give the trainees to gain the experience of using and handling the equipment without any fear or pressure or work.
2) Role Plays:
Roleplays are real human interactions between 2 or more employees that involves realistic behaviour in an imaginary situation. This kind of training will help in improving interaction with co-workers and customers. So it basically helps in improving the communication of employees and their people management skills.
3) Case Studies & Discussions:
Case Studies are the real-life problems that occur in organizations. These problems or cases are presented to the employees who are under training, the employees have to analyse the case study and present their views and opinions on the same. At the end of the program, the employees have to give recommendations on solving the problem. Here people will give their ideas, opinions, share facts and data to draw the conclusion - this will help in the improvement of job performance.
4) Classroom Training:
Classroom training is the most common type of Off Job training, here the employee undergoes training between 4 walls to improve the knowledge of the employee or to understand the specific process. Classroom training is usually conducted to the new joinees of the organization or company wherein the employee has to understand the rules, procedures and policies of the organization. At times classroom training can be boring, but two-way communication between trainer and employees can make the classroom training session lively and interesting.
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